regr
Compute a linear equation between two or more variables

Are the two variables correlated (no equation)?
Parametric Approach: Pearson's r. Assumes linear relationship. See chap. 8.
Nonparametric Approach. Spearman's rho or Kendall's tau. See chap. 8.

What is the equation when there is one X variable?
Parametric Approach: Linear Regression. Assumes residuals follow a normal distribution. See chapter 9
Nonparametric Approach. Kendall-Theil robust line. Assumes linear relationship, but does not require normal residuals. See chapter 10.

What is the equation when there is multiple X variables?
Parametric Approach: Multiple Regression. Assumes residuals follow a normal distribution. See chapter 11
Nonparametric Approach. Kendall-Theil robust line relating residuals of Y version some X variables versus the remaining X variable. Assumes linear relationship, but does not require normal residuals. See chapter 12.

Chapter references are to the course textbook Statistical Methods in Water Resources.